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Burn Area (TBSA) Estimator

⚠️ TBSA counts only second-degree (partial-thickness) or deeper burns; first-degree burns (erythema only) are excluded. For scattered small areas use the patient's palm method: the whole palm (including fingers) ≈ 1% TBSA.

1. Select Age Group (Lund-Browder Adjustment)

Adult (≥15 years) = Rule of 9s Child (5–14 years) Infant (1–4 years) Baby (<1 year)

2. Drag the Sliders: Burned Proportion of Each Body Region

Example: entire right upper limb burned → drag to 100%; half of the right upper limb burned → 50%. The system converts to TBSA automatically.

Body weight (kg, optional, for Parkland fluid calculation):

Total TBSA: 0.0%

Parkland Formula — 24-Hour Fluid Resuscitation Calculator

The most widely used formula for estimating fluid resuscitation requirements during the initial 24 hours post-injury in major burn patients. Fluids should be titrated to urine output, blood pressure, perfusion, and lactate — do not rigidly follow the formula.

Body weight (kg):

Burn area TBSA (%):

Formula: Total fluid volume (mL) = 4 mL × body weight (kg) × burn surface area (% TBSA).

Infusion rate distribution (from time of injury): First 8 hours — give half (1/2) of total volume; next 16 hours — give the remaining half (1/2).

Fluid type: First choice is isotonic crystalloid solution, particularly Lactated Ringer's solution (RL), whose ionic composition most closely resembles extracellular fluid.

Monitoring: Adults: maintain urine output 0.5 mL/kg/hr (~30–50 mL/hr); children (< 30 kg): 1 mL/kg/hr. Avoid over-resuscitation causing fluid creep, pulmonary edema, or compartment syndrome.

ABA Burn Center Referral Criteria (Summary)

Partial-thickness burns >10% TBSA
Burns involving the face, hands, feet, genitalia, perineum, or major joints
Any third-degree (full-thickness) burn
Electrical burns (including lightning), chemical burns
Inhalation injury
Significant comorbidities or concomitant trauma, children, special social/rehabilitation needs

Source: American Burn Association referral criteria; ISBI Practice Guidelines 2016/2018 (DOI:10.1016/j.burns.2016.05.013 / j.burns.2018.09.012)

Lund-Browder proportions follow the standard table (head and thigh adjusted by age). Parkland: 4 mL × kg × %TBSA, give half in the first 8 hours (counted from the time of injury); fluid resuscitation should be titrated to urine output. Last updated: 2026-08-16 ・ Phase 2 v1.3